DATE AND TIME
DAYS, MONTHS, AND YEARS
To state names of days, months, years, centuries, or dates,
Indonesians normally precede the proper names with the corresponding
words for day, month, year, or century.
Hari - day (of the week)
 Bulan
- month
Tahun
- year
tahun 2001
Abad - century
abad ke 14 - 14th century
abad ke 20 - 20th century
Tanggal
- date
Dates are expressed using the following patterns:
tanggal + nomor + bulan
date + number + month
hari + tanggal + nomor + bulan
day + date + number + month
EXAMPLES:
tanggal 23 Mei 2001 - May 23, 2001
SEASONS
| musim salju |
 |
lit. season-snow
winter |
| musim semi |
|
lit. season-to sprout
spring |
| musim panas
|
|
lit. season-hot
summer |
| musim gugur |
|
lit. season-to wilt
fall |
TIME
jam - hour
menit - minute
detik - second
When a number precedes the word jam, menit, or
detik, it signifies a number of hours, minutes, or seconds
respectively..
EXAMPLES:
tiga jam - three hours
lima menit - five minutes
dua jam empat menit dua puluh detik - five hours, hour
minutes, and twenty seconds
Telling Time
Just as in English, there are several ways to tell time in
Indonesian. For example, we can say "one forty-five" or "forty-five
past one" or "quarter to two."
jam jam
lit. hour+hour |
hour o'clock
|
jam satu
one o'clock |
| jam jam menit |
hour minute |
jam satu lima belas
one fifteen - 1:15 |
jam jam lewat menit
lit. hour+hour+past+minute |
minute past hour |
jam satu lewat dua puluh
twenty past one - 1:20
notice that the word lewat is optional
when used to express minutes after the hour
|
jam jam kurang menit
lit. hour+hour+less+minute |
minute to/til/of hour |
jam satu kurang dua puluh
twenty of one - 12:40
the word kurang is REQUIRED
when used to express minutes before the hour
|
Fractions are used just as in English.
seperempat - (se+per+empat) - lit. one+of+four
- quarter
setengah - (se+tengah) - lit. one+half - half
jam jam (lewat) seperempat
lit. hour+hour+(past)+quarter |
quarter past hour |
jam satu (lewat) seperempat
quarter past one - 1:15
the word lewat is optional
|
jam jam kurang seperempat
lit. hour+hour+less+quarter |
quarter to/til/of hour |
jam satu kurang seperempat
quarter to one - 12:45
the word kurang is required
|
jam setengah jam
lit. hour+half+hour |
half hour before hour
in Indonesian, half hour is normally counted before, not
after the hour
|
jam setengah satu
12:30 |
Periods
of the Day
In Indonesian, the day is divided into seven parts. Times are
approximate.
| pagi-pagi |
|
early morning |
5:00am - 7:00am |
| pagi |
|
morning |
7:00am - 11:00am |
| siang |
|
midday |
11:00am - 3:00pm |
| sore |
|
late afternoon to dusk |
3:00pm - 7:00pm |
| malam |
|
night |
7:00pm - 10:00pm |
| malam-malam |
|
late night |
10:00pm - midnight |
| tengah malam |
|
|
midnight to sunrise |
To greet people at various periods of the day, just add the
word selamat before the period of the day.
Selamat pagi
good morning
Selamat siang
good afternoon
Selamat sore
good evening
Selamat malam
good night
Selamat!
cheers!; congratulations!; good luck!
_________________
PRONUNCIATION
GRAMMAR
VERBS
NUMBERS
DATE & TIME
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.
Atmosumarto, Sutanto (1994). Rutledge: London, England. 
.
Oey, Thomas (1993). Periplus Editions, Inc: Singapore.